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Who was the first ruler to establish a centralized empire in India?

  • (A) Chandragupta Maurya
  • (B) Samudragupta
  • (C) Ashoka
  • (D) Harsha

Answer: Chandragupta Maurya

Chandragupta Maurya was the first to establish a centralized empire in India, founding the Maurya Empire in 321 BCE.

Who was the first European to land in India?

  • (A) Vasco da Gama
  • (B) Christopher Columbus
  • (C) Ferdinand Magellan
  • (D) Marco Polo

Answer: Vasco da Gama

Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese navigator, was the first European to land in India, arriving in Calicut (now Kozhikode) in 1498.

The Indian National Congress split into two factions in which year?

  • (A) 1905
  • (B) 1907
  • (C) 1915
  • (D) 1920

Answer: 1907

The Indian National Congress split into two factions in 1907, with one faction led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale and the other by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

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Who is regarded as the Father of Indian Archaeology?

  • (A) James Princep
  • (B) Alexander Cunningham
  • (C) Max Muller
  • (D) Sir William Jones

Answer: Alexander Cunningham

Alexander Cunningham is regarded as the Father of Indian Archaeology for his pioneering work in the field and for excavating ancient sites like Taxila and Sanchi.

Which of the following was the last major battle fought between the Mughals and Marathas?

  • (A) Battle of Plassey
  • (B) Battle of Haldighati
  • (C) Battle of Panipat
  • (D) Battle of Sinhagad

Answer: Battle of Panipat

The third Battle of Panipat, fought in 1761, was the last major battle between the Marathas and the Mughals, though it also involved the Durrani Empire.

Who among the following is called the Father of the Indian Navy?

  • (A) C. Rajagopalachari
  • (B) Subhas Chandra Bose
  • (C) Jawaharlal Nehru
  • (D) K. M. Panikkar

Answer: Subhas Chandra Bose

Subhas Chandra Bose is regarded as the Father of the Indian Navy for his efforts in forming the Indian National Army (INA) and a naval wing.

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The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded by:

  • (A) Lala Lajpat Rai
  • (B) Bhagat Singh
  • (C) Subhas Chandra Bose
  • (D) Ram Prasad Bismil

Answer: Bhagat Singh

The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded by Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad and others, advocating violent revolution.

The Jati system is a characteristic of which civilization?

  • (A) Mauryan
  • (B) Gupta
  • (C) Vedic
  • (D) Mughal

Answer: Vedic

The Jati system (a form of social classification) originated during the Vedic period and is a significant feature of Hindu social structure.

The Dual Government system in Bengal was introduced by:

  • (A) Robert Clive
  • (B) Lord Cornwallis
  • (C) Warren Hastings
  • (D) Lord Curzon

Answer: Robert Clive

Robert Clive introduced the Dual Government system in Bengal in 1765, which led to the control of revenue and administration by both the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal.

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The first to give the idea of Swaraj was:

  • (A) Subhas Chandra Bose
  • (B) Lala Lajpat Rai
  • (C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
  • (D) Bipin Chandra Pal

Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Bal Gangadhar Tilak is known for being the first leader to formally demand Swaraj (self-rule) for India in 1896.

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